Import Query vs Direct Query in Power BI
Introduction (Keyphrase Included)
If you’re getting started with Power BI, you’ve probably seen two options while connecting to data: Import and DirectQuery.
Choosing between Import Query vs Direct Query is more than just clicking a button — it impacts your report speed, refresh cycles, and data freshness. In this blog, we’ll simplify these two modes so even non-tech users can understand which one to use and when.
What is Import Mode in Power BI?
In Import Mode, Power BI copies your data from the source into its own internal memory (called the data model). Once data is imported, it becomes part of the .pbix file.
Key Features of Import:
- Super-fast performance ⚡
- Works offline once loaded
- Best for small to medium datasets
- Supports complex calculations using DAX
Use Import when:
- You want speedy performance
- Your data doesn’t need live refresh
- You are okay refreshing data once or twice a day
Import is Power BI’s default mode and is used in most training projects, including our Data Analytics Course.
What is DirectQuery Mode?
In DirectQuery, Power BI does NOT store data inside the file. Instead, it keeps a live connection to your database. Every time you open a report or click a filter, it sends a query to the database in real time.
Key Features of DirectQuery:
- Data is always fresh and live
- Suitable for large enterprise-level datasets
- Doesn’t increase Power BI file size
Limitations:
- Slower performance due to live queries
- Some Power BI features don’t work
- Heavily depends on your database performance
DirectQuery is mostly used in live dashboards for businesses where data freshness is critical — like finance or stock systems.
Import vs DirectQuery: Comparison Table
| Feature | Import Mode | DirectQuery Mode |
|---|---|---|
| Data Storage | Stored in Power BI (.pbix) | Stays in source system |
| Speed | Faster | Slower (depends on source) |
| Data Freshness | Static (needs refresh) | Always live |
| File Size | Larger | Smaller |
| Supported Features | Full Power BI capabilities | Limited (some DAX/features off) |
| Internet Connection | Not required (after import) | Always required |
Real-Life Use Case
Let’s say you’re analyzing monthly sales for your startup:
- If you just want to analyze last month’s data and make reports — Import Mode is best.
- But if your manager needs to see live sales updates every hour — go with DirectQuery.
Can You Use Both?
Yes! Power BI allows Composite Models, where you can combine Import and DirectQuery in the same report. For example:
- Sales Summary (Import)
- Live Inventory from SQL (DirectQuery)
You’ll learn this technique in our Advanced Power BI Projects module.
Internal & External Links
Internal Links:
External Resources:
- Microsoft Power BI – Official Site
- DirectQuery Overview – Docs
- Power BI Import vs DirectQuery – SQLShack
Final Verdict – Which One Should You Choose?
| Scenario | Best Mode |
|---|---|
| Small dataset, fast report needed | ✅ Import |
| Large dataset, always fresh data | ✅ DirectQuery |
| Mix of both needed | ✅ Composite |
Still confused? Don’t worry — our Power BI course explains this with real business case studies, so you learn when and why to use each mode.
